隐喻型术语的修辞特征研究 ——以经济学英文术语为例

无论是术语命名、术语整理还是术语规范都离不开术语分类,术语的分类研究有助于分析和描述某一类术语的共性特征,昭示其特殊性,使相关研究更具针对性和应用性。基于这一认识,文章以经济学英文术语为例,从结构形式、构词能力以及表情色彩等三方面来描述隐喻型术语这一特殊类别术语的修辞特征,并探讨这些修辞特征对此类术语认知与交际的意义。     

一个较精确加强型的半离散Hilbert型不等式

应用权函数的方法及Hermite Hadamard不等式, 建立一个较精确且加强型的半离散非齐次核Hilbert型不等式, 并给出该不等式具有最佳常数因子联系参数的一组等价性质及一些特殊参数不等式.      

人工智能促进服务业生产率了吗

近年来，我国服务业占比呈现持续上涨态势，但服务业的高成本低效率问题仍然存在，随着人工智能和服务业的融合，服务业的全要素生产率是否提高有待进一步验证。我们运用DEA-Malmquist生产率指数验证了“鲍莫尔病”的确存在；加入人工智能因素后的服务业全要素生产率的确提高了，但是进一步的分解发现，全要素生产率的提高主要源于要素配置效率的改善和规模报酬递增效应，并非由于技术进步，人工智能作为技术进步的主要标志在提高服务业全要素生产率中的作用仍然有限，这是由于人工智能作用的滞后性所致。     

Does a lot help a lot? Forecasting stock returns with pooling strategies in a data‐rich environment

A variety of recent studies provide a skeptical view on the predictability of stock returns. Empirical evidence shows that most prediction models suffer from a loss of information, model uncertainty, and structural instability by relying on low‐dimensional information sets. In this study, we evaluate the predictive ability of various lately refined forecasting strategies, which handle these issues by incorporating information from many potential predictor variables simultaneously. We investigate whether forecasting strategies that (i) combine information and (ii) combine individual forecasts are useful to predict US stock returns, that is, the market excess return, size, value, and the momentum premium. Our results show that methods combining information have remarkable in‐sample predictive ability. However, the out‐of‐sample performance suffers from highly volatile forecast errors. Forecast combinations face a better bias–efficiency trade‐off, yielding a consistently superior forecast performance for the market excess return and the size premium even after the 1970s.     

国际石油价格波动的结构性因素分析

文章将石油供给性冲击、需求性冲击和投机行为冲击3方面结构性因素细分为5个内生变量,构建反映油价波动的结构向量自回归(SVAR)模型,并运用模型对1999—2012年期间油价波动的原因进行了实证分析。结果表明:需求性冲击无论是长期还是短期都是油价波动的最主要因素;其次,投机性冲击对油价波动的影响也较大,不容忽视;短期突发事件和供给冲击短期对油价有些影响,长期影响基本消失。     

基于因子分析的烤烟主要化学成分特性

为准确评价烟叶质量,对3个等级317个烟叶样品进行常规化学成分分析,利用因子分析法对烟叶样品的化学成分及其比值进行综合评价。结果表明,烟叶主要化学成分总体比较协调,其总糖、还原糖含量偏高,不同等级烟叶化学成分差异明显。主要表现为含氮化合物与含碳化合物呈显著负相关,总氮与总植物碱呈显著正相关;对主要化学成分及其比值进行因子提取得到3个主因子,代表其方差贡献率的83%以上,分别为含碳因子、燃烧因子及含氮因子。     

因子von Neumann代数上的非线性中心化子

设m，n是任意非零整数，且满足(m＋n)(m－n)≠0， M是实或复数域F上的Hilbert空间上的一个因子von Neumann代数.利用代数分解方法证明了M上满足2mφ(AB)＋2nφ(BA)＝mφ(A)B＋mAφ(B)＋nφ(B)A＋nBφ(A)的非线性映射φ为可加中心化子，并刻画出具体形式φ：A→λA(λ∈F， A∈M).     

基于增强高阶非凸全变分模型的图像去噪算法

为了在缓解阶梯效应的同时更好地保留去噪后图像的细节信息,提出一种基于增强高阶非凸全变分(higher order non-convex total variation, HONTV)模型的图像去噪算法。该算法将每一次去噪后的图像和原始图像取平均作为增强HONTV模型下一次循环的输入并更新参数,然后采用增广拉格朗日乘子法和交替方向乘子法进行循环求解,经过多次迭代,最终得到的去噪图像包含较多的细节信息。在基于全变分的图像去噪方法中,对添加不同标准差大小的高斯白噪声的测试图像和视频进行实验。实验结果表明,所提算法在视觉性能和客观评价指标方面均优于对比算法。     

粉煤灰吸附处理初期雨水中总磷和化学需氧量的研究

初期雨水污染是雨水径流污染的主要贡献者。以粉煤灰和改性后的粉煤灰（MFA）为对象，研究其作为吸附剂时不同投加量、吸附时间、pH等条件下对初期雨水中总磷和化学需氧量（COD）去除的影响，确定最佳吸附条件，并对吸附结果进行数据拟合，建立吸附等温模型和吸附动力学模型。结果表明，MFA吸附效果明显提高，100 mL初期雨水中MFA投加量1.5 g、pH=8、吸附时间40 min时，对总磷的吸附效率可达93.83%；投加量1.0 g、pH=6，吸附时间40 min时，对COD的吸附效率可达77.66%。MFA吸附总磷的过程符合Freundlich吸附等温模型和二级动力学模型，吸附COD的过程符合Langmuir吸附等温模型和二级动力学模型。     

Flow and heat transfer behaviour of nanofluids in microchannels

Flow and heat transfer of aqueous based silica and alumina nanofluids in microchannels were experimentally investigated. The measured friction factors were higher than conventional model predictions at low Reynolds numbers particularly with high nanoparticle concentrations. A decrease in the friction factor was observed with increasing Reynolds number, possibly due to the augmentation of nanoparticle aggregate shape arising from fluid shear and alteration of local nanoparticle concentration and nanofluid viscosity. Augmentation of the silica nanoparticle morphology by fluid shear may also have affected the friction factor due to possible formation of a core/shell structure of the particles. Measured thermal conductivities of the silica nanofluids were in approximate agreement with the Maxwell-Crosser model, whereas the alumina nanofluids only showed slight enhancements. Enhanced convective heat transfer was observed for both nanofluids, relative to their base fluids (water), at low particle concentrations. Heat transfer enhancement increased with increasing Reynolds number and microchannel hydraulic diameter. However, the majority of experiments showed a larger increase in pumping power requirements relative to heat transfer enhancements, which may hinder the industrial uptake of the nanofluids, particularly in confined environments, such as Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS).